samedi 14 septembre 2013

Violation of Human Rights in Iran during a Week 23 June 2013

At a Glance


International Condemnation of Violation of Human Rights in Iran
  

 

Iran: New President must deliver on human rights promises

17 June 2013

“During his first speech today, President-elect Hassan Rouhani said he will never forget the promises he has made to the Iranian people. Amnesty International will be monitoring his actions to make sure he keeps his word.”

Hassiba Hadj Sahraoui, Amnesty International’s Middle East and North Africa Deputy Programme Director
Mon, 17/06/2013
The victory of Hassan Rouhani, a 64-year-old cleric, in Iran’s presidential election, presents a new opportunity to address human rights abuses in the country, Amnesty International said today.

Hassan Rouhani, described as a moderate and a pragmatist, made a number of pledges to improve Iran’s dire human rights record during his electoral campaign, for which he must be held accountable in the coming months.

He plans to issue a “civil rights charter” which calls for equality for all citizens without discrimination based on race, religion or sex. It also calls for greater freedom for political parties and minorities, as well as ensuring the right to fair trial, freedom of assembly and legal protection for all.  

“The proposed charter – if delivered and implemented - presents the potential for a decisive first step forward for human rights in Iran, “said Hassiba Hadj Sahraoui, Amnesty International’s Middle East and North Africa Deputy Programme Director.

“However, people don’t want empty promises and rhetoric but rather expect concrete measures. It starts with the release of political prisoners, including opposition leaders, Mir Hossein Mousavi and Mehdi Karroubi as Iranians chanted in the streets after the announcement of the results of the election.

“During his first speech today, President-elect Hassan Rouhani said he will never forget the promises he has made to the Iranian people. Amnesty International will be monitoring his actions to make sure he keeps his word.”

The President-elect has been critical of gender segregation in educational facilities and has also made several promises to improve women’s rights in Iran, including proposing new draft bills on women, establishing the country’s first Ministry of Women, and ensuring gender equality, including in relation to job opportunities.

In addition, Hassan Rouhani has emphasized the importance of freedom of expression, including by criticising internet restrictions, and the need to allow government criticism to make way for true progress.

Following Rouhani’s election victory, supporters chanted slogans in favour of opposition leaders Mir Hossein Mousavi and Mehdi Karroubi. Both politicians were placed under house arrest by the Iranian authorities after calling for protests in solidarity with anti-government uprisings in Egypt and Tunisia in 2011. Human rights groups and the United Nations have repeatedly called for their release.

“The election of Rouhani represents an opportunity for the authorities to re-assess the importance of adhering to the rule of law. They should release all prisoners of conscience now and end the harassment of rights activists, journalists and their families,” Hassiba Hadj Sahraoui said.

“Hassan Rouhani has a chance to make a real difference to the lives of people in Iran but it remains to be seen whether, and to what extent, he can and will deliver on his electoral promises in order to bring in true reforms.”

As a concrete and symbolic step to match promises made, Amnesty International urges Hassan Rouhani and the Iranian authorities to cooperate with the United Nations human rights mechanisms, including by immediately allowing the UN Special Rapporteur on the human rights situation in Iran to visit the country.


Execution

 

One prisoner was hanged in Karaj (west of Tehran)

http://iranhr.net/spip.php?article2797
Iran Human Rights, June 19, 2013: One prisoner was hanged in the Rajai Shahr Prison of Karaj reported the Iranian daily newspaper Javan.
According to the report the prisoner who was identified as "Majid" was convicted of shooting to death another man on August 6 2006 in Tehran.
Iran Human Rights’ sources reported that the prisoner who was hanged in Rajai Shahr Prison yesterday morning was "Seyed Majid Afzali" about 36 years of age from ward 6 of Rajai Shahr Prison.
According to Javan, three other death row prisoners who were convicted of murder and scheduled to be executed yesterday, were pardoned by the families of the offended. According to the Iranian Islamic Penal Code murder is sentenced by retribution and the family of the offended can ask for blood money or pardon the offender.

 

200 Death Row Prisoners Waiting to be Executed in Hormozgan (Southern Iran)- 14 Unannounced Executions in Hormozgan Prisons

Iran Human Rights, June 19, 2013: According to Ali Olya, head of the Judiciary in Hormozgan (southern Iran), about 200 death row prisoners are waiting for implementation of the death sentence in the province of Hormozgan.
Ali Olya, who was speaking to the journalists yesterday, said: "14 of the 297 death row prisoners in Hormozgan were executed last year (Iranian Calendar: 21. March 2012 to 20. March 2013), and about 200 death row prisoners are waiting to be executed". "Most of these prisoners are convicted of drug related charges or murder" he said.
None of the 14 executions in Hormozgan have been announced by the official sources.
According to Iran Human Rights (IHR) annual report on the death penalty in Iran there were 286 un-announced or secret executions in 2012 in 15 different prisons in Iran. However, prisons of Hormozgan were not among the prisons where IHR has managed to confirm reported executions. This indicates that un-announced and secret executions are more widespread and the numbers are much higher than what the human rights organizations report.

Prisoners, including One Woman, Hanged in Public

http://iranhr.net/spip.php?article2801

Iran Human Rights, June 21, 2013: After a two-week hiatus due to the Presidential election, Iranian authorities have begun to execute again. Four prisoners, including one woman, were hanged in Shahr-e-Kord (western Iran) on June 20.
According to the state official newspaper Kayhan, the prisoners were identified as Mohammad Ebdali, Vahid Fayooj, Golafrooz Fayooj (woman), and Ghobad Fayooj.
The four prisoners were convicted of purchasing, possessing, and trafficking 4,534 grams of heroin, said the report.
Three of the prisoners were hanged in Shahr-e-Kord Prison while Ghobad Fayooj was hanged in public in the "Mahdiyeh" area of Shahr-e-Kord. The public executions were carried out under heavy security.
Prisoners were elevated by using a crane and then hanged. It typically takes several minutes for the execution to be carried out when using the crane method.
Iran Human Rights (IHR) strongly condemns these executions. Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam, the Founder and Spokesperson of IHR said: "It seems that Iran’s Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei has recommenced the horror show after a two-week hiatus in order to carry out a show of democracy for the Presidential election." Amiry-Moghaddam called on the international community to condemn the executions.
Additionally, the execution of four other prisoners, who were convicted of murder, was scheduled for June 18 in Rajai Shahr Prison in Karaj (west of Tehran). One of the prisoners was hanged while the other three were pardoned by the families of the offended.
Persian Source: http://dana.ir/News/307.html



Arbitrary Arrests

 

Iran: Relatives of PMOI members in Ashraf and Liberty arrested concurrent with sham election

Published on Tuesday, 18 June 2013 11:19
NCRI- On Thursday, June 13, more relatives of members of the People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI/MEK) in Ashraf and Liberty were arrested by the suppressive forces of the inhuman clerical regime. Some of the arrestees are:
- Mr. Mohammad Moezzi: brother to political prisoner Mr. Ali Moezzi currently held in Evin prison for his family relationship with Liberty residents.
- Mr. Allahverdi Rouhe: father to two Liberty residents. He had also been imprisoned from November 2010 until February 2012 solely for the same reason.
- Mr. Hamidi Maybadi: son in law to Mr. Rouhe. He had been previously imprisoned in Gohardasht for six months in 2010 solely because he has relatives in Ashraf.
- Mr. Mostafa Ghoslani and Ms. Azam Moeini: parents of a PMOI member in Camp Liberty. They also spent time in prison in 2009 for their family relationship.
Similarly in previous days, the clerical regime has arrested supporters of the PMOI and families of Ashraf and Liberty residents. Ms. Fatemeh Ziaei Azad, Mr. Hassan Saremi and his two children of 24 and 26, and Mr. Mostafa Haddadi are among these arrestees.

Mr. Hassan Saremi is brother to PMOI member Ali Saremi who was executed by regime’s henchmen in January 2011 at the age of 63 after spending 24 years in prison in the hands of the regimes of the Shah and mullahs.

On June 6, Mr. Mohammadreza Khosravi Savadjani, brother of Mr. Gholamreza Khosravi Savadjani, was arrested. Mr. Gholamreza Khosravi is condemned to death for supporting PMOI. 
There is no information on the fate of any of the arrestees.

No news of Hassan Sarami after 13 days of arrest

Posted on: 19th June, 2013
HRANA News Agency – Although 13 days have passed since Hassan Sarami and two of his children were arrested, the family still hasn’t received any news of their whereabouts or current condition.  Sarami’s brother, Ali, was hanged on Dec. 28, 2010 on charges of being a member of Mujahideen-e Khalq, an Iranian opposition group.
According to a report by Human Rights Activists News Agency (HRANA), Hassan Sarami together with his son, Hamed, 33, and his daughter, Shahla, 29, were arrested in Tehran on June 6, 2013.  During a raid, security agents searched Sarami’s family home and seized a computer and several cell phones.
So far, the authorities haven’t given Sarami or his children permission to contact their family by phone.  Similarly, the family has been denied access to visit their loved ones in prison.
“We don’t know where they are for sure,” a family member said.  “But most likely, they are in the maximum security ward in Evin Prison.”
Prisoners of Conscience

Nasrin Sotoudeh’s message to York University

Last Update 19 June 2013

Nasrin Sotudeh’s message for acceptance of the honorary doctorate degree in Law from York University (Canada) was read out by FIDH President Karim Lahidji at the awarding ceremony on 12 June.

Mr. Chancellor,
Mr. President,
Mr. Dean,
Colleagues,
Ladies, Gentlemen!

I am honoured to take part in this magnificent ceremony as representative of my esteemed friend and colleague Nasrin Sotoudeh and to read out her message written to you under extremely difficult conditions from Evin prison in Tehran/Iran.
Karim Lahidji
****************

Honourable Chancellor of York University,
Honourable President,
Honourable Dean of the Faculty of Liberal Arts and Professional Studies,
Members of the Senate, colleagues,
Ladies and gentlemen!

I send you my sincere greetings from Iran. I have great respect for universities as centres of knowledge and wisdom. I am deeply touched and grateful for the honour bestowed upon me by the prestigious York University. I would also like to express my gratitude to my compatriot professors, students and alumni at York University who nominated me for this great honour.
As you may know, I have studied in one of the Iranian universities. The Law School of the University, where I studied, attached great importance to the teaching of professional ethics and legal knowledge of its students.
I would like to tell you first why I decided to study law and why I was involved in human rights activities.
When I was young and was preparing to choose my course of study, I was deeply idealist and eager for truth and justice. Then I concluded that I could find both ideals in Law. When I think of those days now, I remember that I was ready to take every risk to arrive at the truth.
Like all human beings, I gradually realised that nobody is in possession of the whole truth. Nevertheless, everybody’s rights must be respected despite all the mistakes they may make in life, in the same way that I wish my rights as a human being to be respected, even though I do not possess the whole truth. Thus, I entered the labyrinthine world of Law.
Law speaks of social musts and must-nots. It speaks of the rights of persons and their duties. It speaks of crime and punishment, of the humans’ right to ownership, right to freedom of expression, freedom of the press, equality of the rights of men and women, rights of the child, so on and so forth. These noble ideas are of course also valued and taught from different angles in the Social Sciences and Humanities disciplines.
All this was quite interesting and incredible, because it presented me with a clear path ahead in the field of Law. Nevertheless, you are not always facing clear issues in the world of Law and in the bar practice. The subject matter of the case changes shade successively and introduces doubt to the lawyer or the judge.
Human rights, however, deal more easily with those changes. Religious minorities have a right to live according to their religious beliefs. The press must have the right to freedom and freedom of expression. The people have a right to have access to free and truthful information. Children have the right to enjoy their rights.
Women, men, children and old people, regardless of colour, race, gender, language, ethnicity and religious belief have the right to enjoy their human rights. They have a right to immunity from illegal prosecution; they have a right to fair trial, to have access to lawyers, who would continue to defend their clients, without fearing persistent intimidation and threats.
Endeavours are needed to realise those rights, in particular through refraining from silence, disavowal or denial. All three are clear features of the tyrannised societies.
I must stress in all honesty that when I was engaged desperately in intensive work to defend my clients, what I was doing was the most natural thing to do, because the oath I had taken when I started to practise as a lawyer prohibited me from keeping silent in the face of apparent injustice done to my compatriots. I was defending individuals who had suffered injustice before my eyes, whose fundamental rights had been ignored by the State power.
As you may know, I am in prison now. Prison provides an opportunity for the prisoner to contemplate their past and probe deeply into it.
I have asked myself many times in prison: how did my life unfold as it has? I knew that there was no escape from it, but a suffering deep inside obliged me to protest; to protest at the persistent violation of human rights in a society, where I, my family and millions of other people, whom I love, live.
In spite of all this, Law, lawyer’s practice, judge’s practice, human rights, regional legal institutions, human rights courts, the International Criminal Court, truth commissions and other legal institutions and concepts, and above all, truth and justice illuminate our path.
We know what we want and we know how to achieve them.
We are taking slow and patient steps in our society to establish judicial independence and to install institutions that are essential for protecting the fundamental human rights.
Once again, I offer my gratitude and appreciation to York University, its Senate, worthy colleagues and professors, students, and alumni for their invaluable support. I wish success for all the students of York University in achieving the goal they are pursuing. I believe that our joint efforts to develop and promote human rights in every corner of the globe shall bear fruit.
With my warmest regards,
Nasrin Sotoudeh
Iran – Evin prison
April 2013

Where is Arash Sadeghi? Interview with the imprisoned student activist’s Father and Lawyer

June 17, 2013
Interview by Freshteh Ghazi — Rooz Online
Translation by Siavosh Jalili — Persian2English

Nearly 200 Iranian political activists have signed a letter stating that Arash Sadeghi began a hunger strike in prison after he had been beaten and assaulted by security agents. They have expressed worry regarding speculations surrounding the student activist’s condition and status. In the cyber world there were even speculations that Arash was dead.

Where is Arash Sadeghi?

What is his current condition, and why is he– unlike other prisoners of conscience– not held in the public ward? Why is he [reportedly] held in Ward/Section 209 (I.e. the security ward) of Evin Prison? These are the questions that Arash’s lawyer and family have no answers to, despite making numerous inquiries. Arash’s father, Hossein Sadeghi, and his lawyer, Alizadeh Tabatabaie, have denied the rumors of Arash’s death to Rooz, but stated that their efforts to inquire about his condition and status  have proven unsuccessful. 
Hossein Sadeghi tells Rooz: “We were informed through a source that Arash is on hunger strike and that he has been beaten by prison agents. We have not received a response [from authorities].”

“Where is Arash held?” 

Hossein Sadeghi: “[The authorities] haven’t given us any information except that he is in Ward/Section 209 [of Evin Prison]. That is all we know. I have not been allowed to visit Arash. I have visited various authorities, from [those located on] Arak Street to Shariati Street and anywhere else that I thought I should go [to seek answers], but nobody provided any.
[The authorities] just instructed us not to talk and to ensure minimal news is published [about Arash]. They did not provide answers on Arash’s location, condition, or why they are treating him this way…We only know that he is alive…”  Due to the pressures security officials have placed on his family, Hossein Sadeghi was unable to provide more information.
Alizadeh Tabatabaie tells Rooz: “The only news I have of Arash is that he is being held in Ward/Section 209. I have also heard about him being assaulted and launching a hunger strike, [but] I have no other information, despite my efforts to follow up on this matter.”
Mr. Tabatabaie denies rumors that he had released any comments on Arash Sadeghi’s death. He says, “This matter is not true at all, and I deny ever saying such a thing. I have no news on Arash’s condition. I have followed up, but they won’t tell me where he is or what his conditions is.”
Mr. Tabatabei notes that he was Arash’s lawyer on the initial judicial case file, but not for the current case file opened against the student activist.  ”I used the previous power of attorney letter to investigate, but it did not bear any results,” he explains.
Commenting on why Arash Sadeghi may be held in Ward/Section 209 instead of the general ward, Mr. Tabatabaie says, “From a legal standpoint, until a final charge is issued the Prosecutor could put the defendant’s case in the custody of an expert, in order to complete the investigation. But, many legal experts do not recognize the Ministry of Intelligence as a Bailiff [to whom the custody of a defendant could be granted], and Ward/Section 209 is operated by the Ministry of Intelligence. A sentence has already been issued on Arash’s initial case file, but I have no information regarding the new case file against him as [the authorities] have not provided any answers.”
Arash Sadeghi is a Master’s student in Philosophy, a member of Mir Hossein Mousavi’s 2009 presidential campaign, and a member of the Islamic Association of Allameh Tabatabai University. His first arrest occurred in July 2009, in the wake of popular protests that followed Iran’s 2009 Presidential election. He was released on bail, but in March 2010 he was arrested again only to again be released on bail a few weeks after.
In November 2010, Mr. Sadeghi’s mother suffered a heart attack and died, after her home was raided at night by security agents who were looking to arrest her son.
In an interview with Rooz, Arash Sadeghi described the raid: “Around 4:00 am security agents had visited our home, but since no one answered the door, they broke a window and used the key that was on the other side of the door’s lock to enter our home. They yelled and caused much commotion, terrorizing our home as they performed a search. At the same time they broke the window’s glass and entered our house, my mother suffered a heart attack and fell off her bed. She died four days later in the hospital.”
Arash Sadeghi has been sentenced to six years in prison and 74 lashes by Branch 26 of the Revolutionary Court, presided by Judge Pir Abbasi, who charged him with “Collusion and conspiracy against the regime” and “Disseminating propaganda against the regime”. The sentence was later reduced in an appeals court to five years in prison. According to legal standards, Arash should be transferred to the public ward to serve his sentence, but he is still held in Ward/Section 209 of Evin prison [solitary confinement].
Arash was arrested for a third time on January 15, 2012, and has been held in Ward/Section 209 of Evin Prison since then.

 

Student activist Arash Mohammadi is on hunger strike

Posted on: 19th June, 2013

Arash Mohammadi is a student activist from Tabriz, Iran.
HRANA News Agency – Student activist Arash Mohammadi has gone on hunger strike after being arrested on the evening of June 15, 2013 in Tabriz during celebrations following the presidential election.
According to a report by Human Rights Activists News Agency (HRANA), after the result of Iran’s presidential election was announced, people in the city of Tabriz poured into the streets to celebrate Hassan Rohani’s victory.  During these celebrations, plain clothes agents attacked a group of young people, beat them violently, and eventually arrested some of the attendees while dragging them on the ground.
Approximately twenty individuals were detained, and after the preliminary interrogations, they were transferred to Tabriz Prison.  The prisoners’ cases were then forwarded to the 4th branch of the Revolutionarily Court for processing.
On June 17, 2013, a number of the detainees were released after their families posted separate bails, each approximately equivalent to $10,000.  However, Mohammadi still remains in custody.  Eyewitnesses have reported that Mohammadi was severely beaten by plain clothes agents during the attack.  He has been on hunger strike since yesterday, June 17.  Additionally, security agents have raided his house and seized several books while damaging and breaking the family’s personal belongings.
Mohammadi has been in prison previously for political reasons.  On Nov. 3, 2011, he was arrested with his brother and spent 66 days in custody.  He was subsequently sentenced to a year in prison, but after spending four months behind bars, he was granted conditional release.
Freedom of Expression

Hope for 54 imprisoned journalists and netizens?

Published on Tuesday 18 June 2013
The presidential and municipal elections held in Iran on 14 June lacked objective media coverage. The more than 50 million Iranian voters were denied freely reported and independent information when making their choice. Nonetheless, although the media were muzzled, Iranians used the elections to express their views and vote against Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei’s policies.
“This election showed yet again that the people’s vote for change in June 2009 was stolen by Iran’s two predators of press freedom, Ali Khamenei and Mahmoud Ahmadinejad,” Reporters Without Borders said. “The two have been responsible for the persecution and arbitrary arrests of more than 300 journalists and netizens, and their torture by the intelligence services.”
Hassan Rohani, the moderate conservative candidate who had promised change and was backed by reformers, was declared outright winner in the first round on 15 June with more than 51 per cent of the votes.
“Mr. Rohani, you are now the Islamic Republic’s seventh president, elected thanks to massive support from Iranian reformers and progressives. Your election follows Mahmoud Ahmadinedjad’s eight-year presidency, in which repressive measures and abuses against civil society and journalists were stepped up, especially during his second term.
“Your campaign promises included references to a desire to work for freedom of expression and media freedom, and the release of all political prisoners. These firm undertakings encouraged progressives, especially young people and women, to vote en masse for you. It is now your duty to keep these promises, and to ensure that they are not empty, meaningless words.
“You are now the repository of hope of extricating Iran from the crisis that has paralyzed it for years, guaranteeing free and independent information for the entire people, and respecting the Islamic Republics international undertakings, especially as regards freedom of information. Your fellow citizens will not feel free until these demands have been met.”
On 21 May, Reporters Without Borders wrote to you and the seven other presidential candidates stressing the need to put respect for fundamental freedoms, including freedom of information, at the centre of your presidency. Today, we reiterate these demands to you, the new president:
  • Demand the unconditional release of the 54 journalists and netizens currently imprisoned in Iran. Some were arrested following President Ahmadinejad’s disputed reelection in June 2009 and are still being held four years later. Their only crime is to have exercised their constitutional right to freedom of information. This right will not be observed in Iran as long as arrests and arbitrary detentions remain a systematic practice by officials bent on muzzling the media and silencing civil society.
  • Begin an overhaul of media legislation in order to decriminalize press offences and guarantee freedom of information without discrimination based on language, religion or political opinion. A revision of the 1986 press law (amended in 2000 and 2009 to include online publications) is urgently needed because it allows the authorities to persecute news providers on charges of “attacking the Islamic Republic,” “insulting the Supreme Leader” and “disseminating false information.” Amendments requiring online publications to be licensed must be repealed.
  • Ensure that Iranian citizens have free, uncensored and unmonitored Internet access. The launching of a “Halal Internet” designed to impose a digital apartheid, constitutes a danger for Iran.
  • End arbitrary actions and impunity. The murders of dissident journalists must not go unpunished. They include the deaths of Ebrahim Zalzadeh, Majid Charif, Mohammed Mokhtari, Mohammed Jafar Pouyandeh and Pirouz Davani, all executed by agents of the Ministry of Intelligence and National Security in November and December 1988. They also include the deaths in detention of Zahra Kazemi (2003), Ayfer Serçe (2006), the young blogger Omidreza Mirsayafi, of Iran-e-Farda journalist Hoda Saber’s, and women’s rights activist Haleh Sahabi (2012) and Sattar Beheshti (2012). Those who ordered and carried out these crimes must be brought to justice.

 

Special Reports

Journalists in exile 2013

Somalis, Syrians flee violence; Iran crackdown deepens

Fifty-five journalists fled their homes in the past year with help from the Committee to Protect Journalists. The most common reason to go into exile was the threat of violence, such as in Somalia and Syria, two of the most deadly countries in the world for the profession. Others fled the threat of prison, especially in Iran, where the government deepened its crackdown ahead of elections. A CPJ special report by Nicole Schilit
Published June 19, 2013
NEW YORK
With 20 years of experience as an investigative reporter in Mexico, Verónica Basurto was well aware of the dangers when she began reporting on flagrant flaws in the Mexican judicial system. For years, she had known her home and mobile phones were tapped, and that she was often followed. But Basurto had never thought about leaving journalism, or Mexico, until this year, when she began receiving graphic text messages detailing how her family would be murdered. Terrified, she sought immediate protection from Mexican authorities, who only provided her with a panic button to contact them in an emergency. The threats continued to escalate. “And that’s when real panic set in, and I thought: I have to get out of this country,” she told CPJ in tears. “I knew I could live in fear, but what I could not bear was something happening to my family.” With help from international groups, Basurto fled Mexico for Europe in March, carrying few personal belongings. She had no other way to protect her loved ones.
Basurto is one of 55 journalists who CPJ assisted in fleeing their homes over the past 12 months, down slightly from the previous year. The top countries for exodus were Iran and Somalia, with nine and eight journalists fleeing respectively; Iran and Somalia have topped CPJ’s exile tables for the past five years. These countries were followed by Ethiopia, Syria, Eritrea, Mexico, Sri Lanka, Sudan, and 13 others. Like Basurto, most of the journalists fled into exile only as a last resort, leaving behind careers, livelihoods, and family to escape forms of intimidation including violence, imprisonment, and threat of death.
CPJ is releasing its annual survey of journalists in exile to mark World Refugee Day, June 20. This report counts only journalists who fled due to work-related persecution, who remained in exile for at least three months, and whose current whereabouts and activities are known to CPJ. The survey is based solely on cases CPJ has supported, from which it derives global trends. CPJ’s survey does not include the many journalists and media workers who leave their countries for professional opportunities, or to flee general violence, or those who were targeted for activities other than journalism, such as political activism.
Journalists who CPJ assisted cited fear of violence as the top reason for deciding to leave. The most deadly country for journalists currently is Syria, where at least 28 were killed for their work in 2012, according to CPJ research. CPJ supported five journalists who fled in the past 12 months and a total of 18 over time. CPJ estimates that a higher number have left, but the nature of the conflict and the refugee crisis makes confirming the precise number difficult. CPJ’s work with Syrian exiles is ongoing.
Violence is also acute in conflict-ridden Somalia, forcing out 70 journalists since 2008, according to CPJ research. Somalia has also ranked in the top 10 deadliest countries for journalists every year in that period. In 2012, a record 12 journalists were murdered in Somalia, even though government forces largely ousted Al-Shabaab militants from the capital, Mogadishu, in 2011. The recent killings have raised concern that reporters are being targeted by a widening field of politically motivated antagonists.
Those who fled Somalia, Mexico, and Sri Lanka told CPJ that they made the decision to leave because they could not rely on local authorities to provide them with security and protection. The three countries all rank on CPJ’s Impunity Index, which spotlights places where journalists are slain and their killers go free. Countries with high impunity rates often see an increase in violence because perpetrators feel emboldened by the slim chances of being caught. The result is self-censorship and exile. “Mexico is becoming a silent tomb where journalists are mute and authorities are deaf,” Basurto said.
The second most common reason journalists gave for fleeing their homes is the threat of imprisonment. Iran is the second worst jailer of journalists worldwide, according to CPJ data. Since Tehran cracked down on journalists following the contested 2009 presidential elections, using a policy of arrests, appalling prison conditions, furloughs, and re-arrests, CPJ has documented a series of journalists fleeing to neighboring countries. The nine journalists who CPJ assisted in exile in the past 12 months is double the number we helped the previous year, reflecting the government’s increased effort to stifle the media ahead of the presidential elections earlier this month.
Many journalists fearing imprisonment also fled Eritrea and EthiopiaAfrica’s top jailers of journalists in 2012. Of the 30 journalists who CPJ assisted in exile from Eritrea since 2008, most spent time in the country’s infamous prisons before escaping the country. One print reporter, who asked not to be identified for his safety, fled Eritrea for Sudan in August 2008 after nearly six years in a government detention center. He was arrested in 2002 and was never officially charged with a crime, though he said he was repeatedly interrogated, forced into labor, and tortured with restraints and suspension of his body for extended periods of time. Prior to his arrest, he had worked in the official media, and had also been a contributor to one of a handful of independent newspapers in the country. Eritrean authorities shut down all independent media outlets in a widespread government crackdown on dissent beginning in September 2001. Many journalists have languished in prison since, without charge or trial.
Journalists in the East Africa nations of Somalia, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Rwanda fled in high numbers over the past 12 months, as they have in prior years. Since May 31, 2012, CPJ supported 18 exiles from East Africa, making the East Africa region responsible for the highest number of exiled journalists for the sixth consecutive year—as long as CPJ has been collecting this data. The majority have relocated to the capitals of Kenya and Uganda, where they live under very difficult conditions.
Somalis living in Nairobi told CPJ they face continuous threats from multiple actors. Several said they have been physically abused, extorted, or illegally detained by Kenyan security forces, who discriminate against refugees in the capital city. In December 2012, the Kenyan Department of Refugee Affairs issued a statement blaming Somali refugees for contributing to Kenya’s insecurity problems, and ordering all in Nairobi to relocate to refugee camps, where journalists have told CPJ there is acute violence. According to CPJ interviews, refugee journalists believe members of Al-Shabaab—the group they fled in the first place—are active in the camps. Some said they receive threats from perceived Al-Shabaab militants in Nairobi, forcing them to stay indoors and have very little communication with the outside world.
Iranian journalists in exile have similar concerns. Of those who fled Iran in the past couple of years, at least three are living in Malaysia, where there is a growing population of exiled Iranians because visas are relatively easy to obtain at entry points. Iranians in Malaysia told CPJ that they live in fear due to threats of violence and legal action from individuals who they believe work for the Iranian government.
Other Iranians fled to Turkey, where entry visas are not required but where there is no government support or protection. Turkey does not offer permanent asylum to non-Europeans; Iranian refugees are not allowed to settle there permanently or to work. To get resettled to a third country, they must be registered as refugees with the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR), but journalists told CPJ that there is a two-year wait to complete registration. The U.N. agency in Ankara, in response to CPJ’s questions about the lengthy wait time, said there has been over a 500 percent increase in applications from “certain nationalities” since last year. The agency told CPJ that it is re-organizing its procedures and all Iranians will conclude the registration process within 18 months.
Turkey has also seen an increase in exiled journalists fleeing Syria, while other Syrians have gone to Jordan. Among those who CPJ assisted after fleeing Syria is broadcast journalist Rania Badri, who told CPJ that in 2011 she was among the highest paid women in the Syrian media. Badri hosted a popular morning talk show on Ninar, a radio station owned by the governing Assad family, where she included the day’s headlines but did not focus on politics, she said. However, not long after protests began in Syria, the station’s manager informed Badri that she should report that there were no demonstrations in Syria. The journalist initially refused but quickly realized that she would face serious repercussions, possibly including prison, if she did not comply with the government. She told CPJ that she left Syria because she could not continue to work in a country where there was no press freedom.
Badri arrived in India in September 2011. In January 2012, she went to Jordan, where her brother, also a journalist, was living. A month later, Badri, her brother, and other colleagues launched New Start, an independent online radio station where they reported on news coming from Syria, including where demonstrations were happening and details about daily arrests and deaths, she told CPJ. They also interviewed journalists, activists, and opposition politicians who remained inside the country. But quickly, several of New Start’s staffers received threats from perceived Syrian agents who told them to leave Jordan or face the consequences, Badri told CPJ. So Badri decided to go to Tunisia, from where she continued to Paris. New Start has since stopped operating.
In France, Badri continues to write and give interviews about the situation in Syria. However, she said that she does not consider herself a working journalist anymore. “The answer is to forget that you were a journalist,” she said. “You are now a refugee. Forget about your life before.”
Only about 20 percent of the exiled journalists in CPJ’s survey have been able to resume work in their field. Many are forced to take up menial labor to survive. The Eritrean journalist who fled via Sudan is currently working in a technology job in the U.S. that he describes as being “too far away from journalism.” Some journalists said they felt that by leaving behind their careers, they had abandoned the respect and esteem that come with being a professional. Many said they feel as if they have lost a part of their identity.
In fact, all of the journalists who spoke to CPJ said life in exile has taken a great psychological toll. Basurto said she feels like an eggshell that is about to break. “There have been so many nights since I left when I haven’t slept,” she told CPJ during a recent telephone interview. “I still feel that I’m being followed, even walking in European streets, and I know how absurd this is.”


Weekly report on Human Right Violation in Iran (15/06/2013)

Reactions to the violation of Human rights in Iran
1. Farda radio has made a statement indicating that “as a result of upcoming of presidential elections, pressure on the families of Farda radio employees are increasing”.  According to Arman Mastofi, the head of the radio, during the past few weeks, the security forces have called relatives and close friends of employees of this radio station at least 9 times, and interrogated them about activities of the workers of the radio.
2. On Sunday 9 June, the inspection officers of the female section of Evin prison shamelessly and inhumanely carried out physical inspection of young girls as well as elderly women who had came to visit their love ones, which resulted into a serious confrontation between the prisoners and the families. The families, in response to this barbaric action have announced that the behaviour of the officers would be investigated, and if the current trend continues, they will retain themselves from further visit.
3. Last week Tuesday 4 June, the United Nation Human Rights Council, took actions against the human rights violations in Iran and demanded respect for human rights in Iran.
4. On Saturday 1st June, Arash Sadeghi, a political prisoner from section 209 of Evin prison after being physically abused by security forces started hunger strike. 
5. On Sunday 9 June, following the call from Kurdish human rights defenders and active followers of Yarsan order, a protest was held in front of the Kermanshah Governorate.  Due to the unfair sentences and widespread repressions towards followers of Yarsan order by ‘the religion department of the intelligence service’, and other ‘Basij-related religions committee’, more than a thousand Kurdish citizens gathered and protested in front of the Kermanshah governorate.
6. Furthermore, Reporters-without-Borders have issued a statement requesting international journalists who are travelling to Iran for elections, to interview the families of 54 imprisoned journalists and web-loggers who have been imprisoned either in the 2009 movement or in the early presidential election of Mr Ahmadinejad.
7. A number of Iranian labour organizations wrote a joint letter of complain to the President of the International Labour Organization regarding unacceptable wages and working conditions of labours in Iran. In this letter, they have requested ‘violations of human rights of Iranian workers’ to be investigated.
8. On Saturday 6 June, Canadian Parliament passed a motion to consider the mass executions in Iran, in the summer of 1988 as a Crime against humanity.
9. Two months after imprisonment of Jamil Karimi, a member of the Coalition Council of Iranian Reformists and an advisor to County Mayer in reforming Women conditions, a number of political/civil activists from the city of Shiraz have requested immediate release of Mr. Karimi.
10. More than 190 female human rights activists published a statement a day before the eleventh presidential elections, warning that these days, women rights are being violated more than ever in this country. In this statement, whilst mentioning the exclusion of women as a presidential elections candidate, except in few cases, most candidates have been disregarding the rights of gender equality and needs of women and instead have been competing against each other.
 
Press releases and cyber space
1. According to the news Hesama Adin Islamlo, the editor of the local art and culture magazine of the city of Pasargad in Cirjan, has been arrested and transferred to a prison in Kerman, but there is no information on his exact whereabouts.
2. Over 100 media activists have complained to Filtering Committee in response to limiting the activities of news centres and websites in Iran.
3. Google has announced that “massive attacks have been incurred by Iranian authorities on tens of thousands of Iranian G-mail users in the past three weeks”.

Issued sentences: execution, whipping, amputations, imprisonment and detention
1. According to reports, on the 8th of June Fatemeh Ziyayi Azad (a political activist who spent time in prison in the 1980s) was arrested in her house by security forces. There has been no news with regard to her whereabouts so far and her family have not been contacted. 
2. On Saturday 8th of June 2013, Hassan Rohani held a political rally for the upcoming elections in the Shirudi sports complex which has a capacity of 4,000. A number of participants were arrested following the event.
3. One of the participants who were arrested was a student activist (Amin Vatani) who was physically assaulted by the security forces before being arrested. 
4. On the 9th of June, the court of the city of Namin ordered the destruction of the book recordings from the author Babak Roghani.
5. On Monday 10th of June, there were reports that two supporters of the presidential candidate Mohammad-Reza Aaref were arrested in the city of Kerman.
6. On Monday 10th of June, Honavar Shojayi was once again taken from Evin prison to the special Court of Clergies in Tehran. He was sentenced to an additional 15 months in prison.
7. A few members of Hasan Rohani's election campaign team were beaten and arrested in Sabzevar and taken to an unknown location.
8. The lawyer Seyed Mahmoud Alizadeh Tabatabayi who represents the Hashemi Rafsanjani family has been suspended from practicing law by the revolutionary court due to allegedly spreading lies and distorting public opinion.
9. In the run-up to the eleventh presidential elections, on Wednesday 12th of June, Amir Chamani (a student activist from Azad University) was sentenced to receiving 40 lashes.
10. On Saturday 8 June, Vahab Gholami, a council candidate from Ravansar city, was arrested in his house by security forces. According to this report, the reasons of his arrest and the charges have not been indicated and there is no sign of his where-about.
11. On Friday night 9 June Akbar Amini, one of the political activists in Iran has been arrested in his house and was transferred to the 209th section of Evin prison. The security officers had warrant from sixth branch of Evin court for his arrest.

The rights of followers of the ethnic and conscience diversity in Iran
1. Following the insult to Yaresan’s (Ahl Haque) beliefs by Islamic republic of Iran security forces, two Kurdish citizens namely Hassan Razavi and Nikmard Taheri who were the followers of this order, in an action of protest, on 4th and 5th June respectively, attempted suicide by setting themselves on fire.
 2. Following the self-immolation of two “Ahl-Haque” dervishes known as Yaresani dervishes, in a reaction to the Hamadan prison officers’ force shaving of one of the dervishes’ moustache, number of followers of this order demonstrated in Kermanshah Province.
3. Hassan Razavi, whom, on 4 June in response to the insult of Hamadan’s prison Officers to one of his co believers had set himself on fire in front of the city Governor’s Office, passed away on 11 June in a hospital in Tehran.
4. According to the recent reports, security officers of Iranian government transferred Masoud Shams-Nezhad, a first grade lawyer and a professor of Universities of Payam Noor and Aazad in Uroomiye, from the central prison to an unknown location.He has been charged with cooperating and promoting Kurdish opposition parties. However, these charges have not yet been proven.
5. Furthermore, on Sunday evening 9 June Maytham Heidari and Rasool Karami, two Yaresani citizens were arrested.
6. On Wednesday 29 May, Mohammadreza Farid, Saeed Sadeghi, Hamidreza Gheirdari, three new Christian members of private home churches in Isfahan, were arrested by security officers and transferred to an unknown location.
7. On 12 June, Mostafa Abdi one of the Gonabadi dervishes was sentenced to 3 years imprisonment by Enghelab- Islami court in Tehran. It is reported that he is charged with disruption of public orders and activity against national security.

Universities and Academics
1. It is reported that during the past 8 years, more than 1,000 university students from across the country have been suspended.
2. According to reports, on Monday 10 June five members of Abbaspoor University Union with the names of, “Salehi”, "Mahmoudi", "Abdoli", "Keshavarz" and "Yazdi Manesh" were summoned by the Investigating Committee and subsequently arrested.
3. Vahid Asghari, a student web-blogger who is currently in Evin prison, refused to attend court trial. The reasons given for not attending the court are: - forced wearing of prison cloth in the court, not given permission to meet his lawyer even once, lack of knowledge of previous and present charges, lack of presentation of charges from the First, Supreme and other courts plus many other important reasons.
4. Furthermore, Dr. Esmat Savadi deputy head of culture of Azad University of science and research said:”the hijab and chastity library with over 150 books has been launched by the Institute of Science and Research of the university”.

Workers and vulnerable strata of society
1. Behnam Ebrahimzadeh, an imprisoned labour and child rights activist, whom after having his son infected with leukaemia was sent on leave, has now returned back to the Evin prison due to refusal of extension of leave by Tehran’s Attorney general “Mahmood Dowlatabadi”.
2. Despite the fact that building scaffolding and well digging are considered to be the hardest and the most dangerous jobs in construction, these two groups have been denied social security insurance benefits.
3. Representative of the Zagros steel factory workers reported unemployment and uncertainty of 270 workers, despite the promises of the officials regarding reopening of the factory.
4. Furthermore, Ahmed Shokat the head of association of construction workers and craftsmen of the country has disapproved the budget of 9 thousand billion rials set by the parliamentary commissions for Social Security Insurance of constructional workers and add that “this is against articles 29 and 75 of constitution of the country and in clear contradiction of the law regarding ‘Eliminating Barriers in Sorting out the Insurance of Construction Workers’”.
5. Reza Shahabi’s Physical condition, an imprisoned labour activist, is unfavourable. He has been sent to the Evin prison hospital twice since 10 June.

Other human rights violations
1. It is more than thirteen months since Sohil Babady has been in section 350 of Evine prison without knowing his own charges and sentence.
2. On Saturday 8 Jun, Dr Honey Yazerlou one of the political prisoner in section 350 of Evin prison who had heart problem, has been denied of going to hospital because of his refusal of wearing prisoner uniform.
3. With the approach of eleventh presidential election, the Iranian government have banned the use of satellite dishes, confiscated them from residential complexes and transmitted interruption signals in the city of Salmas.
4. On Wednesday 12 Jun Iran Home Office refused to give permission to the supporters of Dr Rohani to gather in Heidarnia Stadium.
5.  In the wake of passing away of Ayatolah Jalaludin Taheri Isfahani, one of the reformist clergymen, on Friday 7 June 2013 an assembly commemorating his death was organized in Aazam mosque of Qom by Ayatolah Mosavi Ardebili which unfortunately, resulted to confrontation from others.
6. Dr. Ali Akbar Syari, one of the campaigners of Mr. Mohammad Reza Aref, a presidential election candidate, has warned increase of psychological illnesses in the country and said: “psychological illness in the years 2001 was 21 percent, and this in 2009 has increased to 34 percent".
7. According to the news received, Hussein Ali Shahriari, Chairman of the Parliamentary Health Commission has said that: "it is right to say that the price of drug has increased by 30 to 70 percent”.

8. Hasan Rasouli, a spokesman of the campaign in headquarter of Mohammad Reza Aref, pointed to the remarks of Mr Aref on Friday 7 June regarding arrestment of some of his supporters in Oromiyeh and defended himself against the claim of some people about falsehood of his statements, and said the host of this presidential election candidate still remains in custody.

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